GUI编程

组件 Component

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件

简介

GUI 的核心技术 :Swing AWT
1. 界面不美观
2. 需要jre环境
GUI是MVC基础,了解监听
可以写自己的小工具

AWT

AWT介绍

包含了很多的类和接口
GUI :图形用户编程
元素: 窗口,按钮,文本框
包: java.awt

组件和容器 Frame

单个窗口

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame {
    //GUI第一个界面
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame 看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口");
        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(56, 88, 197));
        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

多个窗口和封装

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.cyan);
        MyFrame myFrame2=  new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.pink);
        MyFrame myFrame5 = new MyFrame(500, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static Integer id=0;//可能存在多个窗口,需要计数器
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame "+ (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

面板 Panel

窗口关闭

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel 可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //设置坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(130, 187, 73));
        //Panel设置坐标 相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(255,0,0));
        //frame.add(panel)添加面板
        frame.add(panel);
        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(Boolean.TRUE);
        //监听事件,监听窗口关闭时间System.exit();
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //窗口结束
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

布局管理器

流式布局

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //按钮组件
        Button button1 = new Button("Button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("Button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("Button3");
        //设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());   // 居中
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); //靠左
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        //添加按钮
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        //设置可见
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

东西南北中

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(200,200,400,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(56,25,126));
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

表格布局 Grid

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.pack();//java函数,自动设置最佳布局
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

课堂练习

package com.gui.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("ExTest");
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.cyan);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
        //上面
        panel1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("center-1"));
        panel2.add(new Button("center-2"));
        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下面
        panel3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            panel4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

事件监听

事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么?

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮,触发事件
        Frame frame=new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因为addActionLitsener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }
    //关闭窗体事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮共享一个事件

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮,实现同一个监听
        //开始停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令,如果不显示定义,就默认值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }
    //关闭窗体事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

输入框TextField监听

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private static void windowListener(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField textField=(TextField)e.getSource();//获得一些资源
        System.out.println(textField.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        textField.setText("");
    }
}

简易计算器

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //三个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalculatorListener myCalculatorListener = new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3);
        button.addActionListener(myCalculatorListener);
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private void windowListener(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
        this.num1=num1;
        this.num3=num3;
        this.num2=num2;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int num11 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int num22 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2.将这个数 + 法运算后,放到第三个框
        num3.setText(num11+num22+"");
        System.out.println(num3.getText());
        //3.清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

升级版

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
        //三个文本框
         num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalculatorListener myCalculatorListener = new MyCalculatorListener(this);
        button.addActionListener(myCalculatorListener);
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private void windowListener(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
    //获取计算器这个量,在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator=null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator=calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int i = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int i1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        //2.将这个数 + 法运算后,放到第三个框
        calculator.num3.setText(i+i1+"");
        System.out.println(calculator.num3.getText());
        //3.清除前两个框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类更好的包装

package com.gui.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
        //三个文本框
         num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
         num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalculatorListener myCalculatorListener = new MyCalculatorListener();
        button.addActionListener(myCalculatorListener);
        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private void windowListener(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
    //监听器类
    class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            int i = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int i1 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            //2.将这个数 + 法运算后,放到第三个框
            num3.setText(i+i1+"");
            System.out.println(num3.getText());
            //3.清除前两个框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

画笔 paint

package com.gui.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    protected void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private void windowListener(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔,需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
        //养成习惯,画笔画完,将之还原
        g.setColor(new Color(0,0,0));
    }
}

鼠标监听

目的:想要实现鼠标画画

package com.gui.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的设置,需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points=new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监听器,正对这个窗口
        setVisible(true);
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
        windowListener(this);
    }
    private void windowListener(Frame frame){
     frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
         @Override
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
             System.exit(0);
         }
     });
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画,监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point=(Point)iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    //添加一个点到界面上
    private void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下,弹起,按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myFrame =(MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这里点击的时候,就会在界面上产生一个点
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            myFrame.repaint();
        }
    }
}

窗口监听

package com.gui.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //匿名内部类
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("windowClosing");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("被激活了");
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }
        });
    }
}

键盘监听

package com.gui.lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//键盘事件
public class TestKeyListener {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前的码

                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
                //根据按下不同操作,产生不同结果
            }
        });
    }
}

总结

Frame 是一个顶级窗口
Panel 无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中
布局管理器

1.流式布局

2.东西南北中

3.表格

大小,定位背景颜色,可见性,监听
oop原则:组合,大于继承

Swing

窗口和面板

package com.gui.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJFrame().init();
    }
}
class MyJFrame extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        setBounds(10,10,200,300);
        setVisible(true);
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("我爱学Java");
        add(jLabel);
        //让文本标签居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.blue);
    }
}

弹窗

JDiaLog 用来被弹出,默认就有关闭事件

package com.gui.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(700,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放东西,容器
        Container container =getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        jButton.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
        //点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDiaLogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(jButton);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDiaLogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDiaLogDemo(){
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        contentPane.add(new Label("秦老师带你学Java"));
    }
}

package com.gui.lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo(){
        //获取图片地址
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("1.jpg");//图片自备
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

面板

JPanel

package com.gui.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10)); //vgap 间距
        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(10,10,600,600);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        contentPane.add(jPanel1);
        contentPane.add(jPanel2);
        contentPane.add(jPanel3);
        contentPane.add(jPanel4);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package com.gui.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("我爱学Java");
        //SCROLL面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(10,10,600,600);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

按钮

图片按钮

package com.gui.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        URL resource = this.getClass().getResource("1.jpg");
        //将图片变为图标
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
        contentPane.add(jButton);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

package com.gui.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为图标
        URL resource = this.getClass().getResource("1.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");
        //由于单选框只能选择一个,分组
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton3);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

package com.gui.lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame{
    public JButtonDemo03(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为图标
        URL resource = this.getClass().getResource("1.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
        //多选框
        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox1");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox2");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox3 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox3");
        contentPane.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(jCheckBox3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

列表

下拉框

package com.gui.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01 (){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();
        jComboBox.addItem(null);
        jComboBox.addItem("正在上映");
        jComboBox.addItem("已下架");
        jComboBox.addItem("即将上映");
        contentPane.add(jComboBox);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

package com.gui.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02 (){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容
        //String [] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        contents.add("1");
        contents.add("2");
        contents.add("3");
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        contentPane.add(jList);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景
- 选择地区,或者单个选项
- 列表,展示信息,一般是动态扩容

文本框

package com.gui.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
        contentPane.add(jTextField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package com.gui.lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        contentPane.add(jPasswordField);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

贪吃蛇

帧: 时间片足够小,就是动画,一秒三十帧,六十帧,连起来是动画,拆开就是静态的图片,
1. 键盘监听
2. 定时器 Timer
大体流程
1. 定义数据
2. 画上去
3. 监听事件
  - 键盘
  - 事件
游戏主线程

package com.gui.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //正常游戏界面都应该在上面
        frame.add(new GamePanel());
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

游戏资源类

package com.gui.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
//数据中心
public class Data {
    private static URL headerURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    private static ImageIcon header=new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    private static URL bodyURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    private static ImageIcon body=new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    private static URL downURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    private static ImageIcon down=new ImageIcon(downURL);
    private static URL foodURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    private static ImageIcon food=new ImageIcon(foodURL);
    private static URL leftURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    private static ImageIcon left=new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    private static URL rightURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    private static ImageIcon right=new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    private static URL upURL=Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    private static ImageIcon up=new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon getHeader() {
        return header;
    }
    public static void setHeader(ImageIcon header) {
        Data.header = header;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getBody() {
        return body;
    }
    public static void setBody(ImageIcon body) {
        Data.body = body;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getDown() {
        return down;
    }
    public static void setDown(ImageIcon down) {
        Data.down = down;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getFood() {
        return food;
    }
    public static void setFood(ImageIcon food) {
        Data.food = food;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getLeft() {
        return left;
    }
    public static void setLeft(ImageIcon left) {
        Data.left = left;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getRight() {
        return right;
    }
    public static void setRight(ImageIcon right) {
        Data.right = right;
    }
    public static ImageIcon getUp() {
        return up;
    }
    public static void setUp(ImageIcon up) {
        Data.up = up;
    }
}

游戏绘制

package com.gui.snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener,ActionListener {
    //定义蛇的数据结构
    private Integer length; //蛇的长度
    private Integer [] snakex=new Integer [600]; // 蛇的x坐标
    private Integer [] snakey=new Integer [500]; // 蛇的y坐标
    private String fx; //蛇头方向
    private  Boolean isStart = false;    //游戏当前状态
    private Integer foodX;//食物坐标
    private Integer foodY;//食物坐标
    Random random=new Random();
    private Boolean isFail=false; //游戏失败
    private Integer score;
    //定时器
    Timer timer=new Timer(100,this); //100毫秒执行一次
    //构造器
    public GamePanel(){
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事情
        this.addKeyListener(this); //获得键盘的监听事件
    }
    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length=3;
        snakex[0]=100;snakey[0]=100; //头的坐标
        snakex[1]=75;snakey[1]=100; //第一节身体
        snakex[2]=50;snakey[2]=100; //第二节身体
        fx="R";//初始方向向右
        timer.start(); //游戏一开始就启动
        //随机投放食物
        foodX=25+25*random.nextInt(34);
        foodY=75+25*random.nextInt(24);
        score=0;
    }
    //绘制面板,游戏中的所有东西,用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g); //清屏的作用
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.white);
        Data.getHeader().paintIcon(this,g,25,11); //头部广告栏
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600); //默认的游戏界面
        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));//设置字体
        g.drawString("长度: "+length,750,30);
        g.drawString("分数: "+score,750,55);
        //画食物
        Data.getFood().paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foodY);
        //画小蛇
        if(fx.equals("R")){
            Data.getRight().paintIcon(this,g,snakex[0],snakey[0]); //蛇头
        } else if (fx.equals("L")) {
            Data.getLeft().paintIcon(this,g,snakex[0],snakey[0]); //蛇头
        } else if (fx.equals("U")) {
            Data.getUp().paintIcon(this,g,snakex[0],snakey[0]); //蛇头
        } else if (fx.equals("D")) {
            Data.getDown().paintIcon(this,g,snakex[0],snakey[0]); //蛇头
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.getBody().paintIcon(this,g,snakex[i],snakey[i]);  //身体
        }
        //游戏状态
        if(!isStart){
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏!",300,400);
        }
        //游戏失败
        if(isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体
            g.drawString("失败,按下空格重新开始!",300,400);
        }
    }
    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        Integer keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //获得键盘的按键是哪一个
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){ //如果按下的是空格键
            if(isFail){
                isFail=false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart=!isStart; //取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            fx="U";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx="D";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx="L";
        }else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx="R";
        }
    }
    //事件监听  需要通过固定事件来刷新 1s=10次?
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && !isFail){//如果游戏是开始状态,让他动
            //吃食物
            if(Objects.equals(snakex[0], foodX) && Objects.equals(snakey[0], foodY)){
                length++;
                score+=10;
                //再次随机生成食物
                foodX=25+25*random.nextInt(34);
                foodY=75+25*random.nextInt(24);
            }
            for (int i = length-1; i >0; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置
                snakex[i]=snakex[i-1];
                snakey[i]=snakey[i-1];
            }
            //走向
            if(fx.equals("R")){
                snakex [0]+=25;
                //边界判断
                if(snakex[0]>850)snakex[0]=25;
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){
                snakex [0]-=25;
                if(snakex[0]<25)snakex[0]=850;
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                snakey [0]-=25;
                if(snakey[0]<75)snakey[0]=650;
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){
                snakey [0]+=25;
                if(snakey[0]>650)snakey[0]=75;
            }
            //失败判定,撞到自己
            for (Integer i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if(Objects.equals(snakex[0], snakex[i]) && Objects.equals(snakey[0], snakey[i])){
                    isFail=true;
                }
            }
            repaint(); //重画
        }
        timer.start(); //定时器开启
    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

图片素材

图片素材

提取码:

qbm4

本文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/liguangyu/p/16413377.html

Java GUI

GUI编程

组件 Component

简介

AWT

AWT介绍

组件和容器 Frame

面板 Panel

布局管理器

课堂练习

事件监听

画笔 paint

鼠标监听

窗口监听

键盘监听

总结

Swing

窗口和面板

弹窗

标签

面板

按钮

图片按钮

单选按钮

复选按钮

列表

下拉框

列表框

文本框

文本框

密码框

贪吃蛇

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