手工创建Oracle11g完整版（超详细）

一、准备数据库环境

**
参照之前oracle11g的安装先进性数据库软件的安装
[[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller
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我在这里缺少包（按照我的oracle11g安装不会出现这个问题，直接忽略）
出现错误：缺少包，使用rz上传
[[email protected] ~]# rz
[[email protected] ~]# chmod +x pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] localhost~]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5.x86_64.rpm
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[[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.

[[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Creating /etc/oratab file…
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] :
yes
Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).
Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_localhost.localdomain_2018-01-16_22-46-51-806570335.log
Finished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)

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二、dbca创建数据库

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[[email protected] ~] $v i m . b a s h_{p} r o f i l e 追加如下内容： e x p o r t O R A C L E_{B} A S E = / u 01 / a p p / o r a c l e e x p o r t O R A C L E_{H} O M E = / u 01 / a p p / o r a c l e / p r o d u c t / 12.2.0 / d b h o m e_{1} / e x p o r t O R A C L E_{S} I D = P R O D 2 e x p o r t P A T H =$ PATH: $O R A C L E_{H} O M E / b i n 追加完成之后，需要生效该环境变量 [o r a c l e @ l o c a l h o s t]$ source .bash_profile
[[email protected] ~] $d b c a 创建 P R O D 1 数据库，和其他 d b c a 建库一样，只是在下面需要自己创建路径，模板归档都要选，注意字符集，三个联机重做日志文件不需要太大。 [o r a c l e @ l o c a l h o s t]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/
[[email protected] ~] $m k d i r o r a d a t a [o r a c l e @ l o c a l h o s t]$ mkdir archive
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三、手动创建数据库

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初始化参数
[[email protected] ~] $c d$ ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[[email protected] dbs] $cat init.ora | grep -v ^#| grep -v ^$ >initPROD2.ora
[[email protected] dbs]$ cat initPROD2.ora ######控制文件、undo文件注意路径，与前面创建的路径一定要保持一致。
db_name=’PROD2’
memory_target=500m
processes = 150
audit_file_dest=’/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD2/adump’
audit_trail =’db’
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=”
db_recovery_file_dest=’/u01/app/oracle/archive’
db_recovery_file_dest_size=4G
diagnostic_dest=’/u01/app/oracle’
dispatchers=’(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)’
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile=’EXCLUSIVE’
undo_tablespace=’UNDOTBS’
control_files = (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/control1, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/control2)
compatible =’11.2.0’

创建新数据库相对应的文件
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD2/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2
创建密码文件orapwd file=orapwPROD2 password=oracle entries=3 force=y
export ORACLE_SID=PROD2
sqlplus / as sysdba此时数据可以启动到nomount状态
SQL> startup nomount;
查看环境变量，确保在PROD2上
echo $O R A C L E_{S} I D e c h o$ ORACLE_SID=PROD2

借助官方文档编写建库语句
mkdir scripts
cd scripts/
vi 1.sql
[[email protected] scripts]$ more 1.sq#######日志文件、数据文件等
CREATE DATABASE PROD2
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo01a.log’,’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo01b.log’) SIZE
100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo02a.log’,’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo02b.log’) SIZE
100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo03a.log’,’/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/redo03b.log’) SIZE
100M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/system01.dbf’ SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/sysaux01.dbf’ SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/users01.dbf’
SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/temp01.dbf’
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
DATAFILE ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/undotbs01.dbf’
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

[[email protected] scripts] $c h m o d + x 1. s q l 给执行权限 s q l p l u s / a s s y s d b a @ 1. s q l 执行后可以另开一个终端查看 [o r a c l e @ l o c a l h o s t]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD2/
[[email protected] PROD2]$ ls

跑相应脚本
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
作用：创建数据字典
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
作用：创建存储过程和包
SQL> conn system/oracle
SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
作用：设置sqlplus的一些包，让其它用户可以登录sqlplus
SQL> conn /as sysdba
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance; –检查状态，此时数据库应该是open状态

**创建数据库的练习就到这里了，欢迎大家阅读和评论**

本文链接：

手工创建Oracle11g完整版（超详细）

一、准备数据库环境

二、dbca创建数据库

三、手动创建数据库

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